“Why would more screening in both Black and white Americans reduce the mortality disparity between the two groups? What’s more, cancer screening actually stands out for its lack of racial disparity. The proportion of Black and white women having mammograms has been virtually identical for the past three decades (in fact, Black women currently have the test at slightly higher rates). Yet deaths from breast cancer are about one-third higher in Black women. For the past two decades, a similar pattern has been seen in colorectal cancer screening — equal rates among Black and white Americans — yet colorectal cancer … Read More
“Landeiro and colleagues computed the economic burden of four diseases (cancer, coronary heart disease [CHD], dementia, and stroke) in England using consistent methodology and a broad definition of disease burden. This analysis is an important advance that will allow policy makers, researchers, and other stakeholders to assess the absolute and relative burden of these diseases in a meaningful way. The Global Burden of Disease also uses a consistent methodology for estimating the burden of many diseases across countries. However, its methodology focuses only on mortality and morbidity, which are evaluated comprehensively, but does not account for many other costs included … Read More
“over the past half-century, as was made especially clear by the Covid pandemic, patients have increasingly challenged their physicians’ expertise. Merely providing patients with data and advice has become an inadequate way to disseminate information and promote informed consent. [The author goes on to describe medicine’s historical failures with patients, including Tuskegee, childbirth practices in the 1970s, harvesting cancer cells from Henrietta Lacks, physicians paid by tobacco companies to “manufacture doubt,” the slow response to the AIDS epidemic and 2024 medical article retractions from researchers at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute.] To some degree, the AIDS model — in which patients … Read More
“[Data analytics company Embold Health chief executive officer Daniel Stein:] In the larger health care policy discussions, Medicare and Medicaid and other government programs get a lot of attention. But as you noted, most working Americans get their coverage through their employer. All in, about 165 million Americans are getting coverage through their employer. It’s a tough job to provide health coverage for your employees. Not only do you have to worry about things like cost and quality, the usual types of pressures that a purchaser has, but coming through this global [Covid-19] pandemic, employers were focused for a long … Read More
“While overdose deaths and related outcomes, such as the prevalence of substance use disorders (SUDs), are helpful indices, they fail to capture the broader dimensions of drug-attributable harm, including non-overdose deaths, chronic disease morbidity, and other conditions that cause people who use drugs to live in a state of less than full health. [..] The DALY [disability-adjusted life-years, the sum of years lived with disability and the years of life lost due to premature death] index captures the health burden beyond overdose deaths and SUDs, to encompass other morbidity and mortality attributable to substance use. Such outcomes could include conditions … Read More
“The lack of palliative care resources and shifting patient needs due to improvements in cancer therapeutics highlight the need for less resource-intensive and more patient-centered palliative care models. Moreover, the historical model of a referral system that relies on oncologists to identify patients with cancer who may benefit from early palliative care remains inadequate. [..] In stepped care, all patients receive care for their condition, but with a minimum of required contact with a specialty-trained clinician. More intensive treatment with the clinician is reserved for patients who do not benefit sufficiently from the less intensive therapies. A key element of … Read More
“As artificial intelligence (AI) tools become more consistently used in health care, federal agencies, health care facilities, medical societies, and other stakeholders are grappling with how to ensure they do not introduce unintended patient harm. [..] Regardless of approach, a well-designed one could improve safety, promote patient and health care professional confidence in AI use, and incentivize developers and users to focus on these important issues. Developing a testing and certification approach that is effective, rigorous, and rapid and that is a shared responsibility of both developers and users is necessary to meet the needs of multiple stakeholders. The Office … Read More
“Colonoscopy is the dominant approach to colorectal cancer screening in the United States. Among people who are screened, two thirds get a colonoscopy. This fact is easy to miss in Halpern and colleagues’ 2021 data, which included 9.2 million people reporting colonoscopy and 9.8 million reporting fecal immunochemical testing (FIT). That ambiguity is explained by the distinct screening intervals (every 10 years for colonoscopy and annually for FIT), whereas there is no ambiguity about the difference in the resources required each year: $24 billion for colonoscopy versus $0.6 billion for FIT. Colonoscopy is clearly overused in the United States. It … Read More
“The number of people living with dementia worldwide in 2019 was estimated at 57 million and is projected to increase to 153 million by 2050. The proportion of people with dementia has increased over time in lower-income countries due to a greater percentage increase in longevity than in high-income countries. [..] There has been a rapid expansion in the volume of work on dementia prevention and risk reduction related to the 12 risk factors that were identified from the existing research literature and discussed in our earlier Lancet Commission reports in 2017 and 2020. The risk factors identified in our … Read More
“The idea of medical transparency undergirding provisions in the 2016 Cures Act is broadly supported. But implementation of the regulations expanding access to medical records, which took effect in 2021, has been more divisive. Congress has taken little interest in this issue, and federal health officials have stood by the rules, arguing that concerns will be resolved as technology improves and as medical practices adjust how they prepare patients for results. “There is just a moral imperative here, which is for patients, this is their information. They ought to be able to access it whenever they want,” said Micky Tripathi, … Read More