“Although the implementation of HRRP [Hospital Readmission Reduction Program] has been associated with significant reductions in readmission rates for HF [heart failure], it remains unclear whether current health policies have contributed to improvement in patients’ overall experience or quality of life. Although there has been an increasing emphasis on use of patient-oriented outcomes in evaluation of therapeutic benefits of newer HF therapies in clinical trials, the role of patient-oriented outcomes in defining hospital-level care quality for patients with HF is limited. [..] we assessed home time after hospitalization for HF through Medicare administrative claims data and its association with currently … Read More
“The burden of common mental disorders (CMDs), including major depressive and anxiety disorders, is substantial. CMDs contribute to lowered work productivity, family dysfunction, substance misuse, suicide, and reduced life expectancy. The point prevalence of CMDs has been stable since the 1980s, although expenditures on mental health care and drug therapy have increased dramatically. Given failure of increased treatment to lower CMD prevalence, some have called for reconceptualizing the diagnosis of CMDs and investing in new research to improve treatment. [..] We need to consider organizational reforms in treatment delivery for the subset of patients at highest risk of relapse and … Read More
“Over the last 2 years, use of low-dose aspirin for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) has become one of the most debated topics in cardiology. Initial trials conducted between the 1980s and early 2000s suggested a significant benefit in a primary prevention population at high risk. However, with expanded use of statins and declining ASCVD rates in Western countries in the last 2 decades, the benefit of prophylactic aspirin became progressively less certain among individuals without established ASCVD. Three trials published in 2018 found no benefit or modest benefit with aspirin and raised concerns about the potential … Read More
“[Abstract] Many traditional assessments of physical function utilized in clinical trials are limited because they are episodic, therefore, cannot capture the day-to-day temporal fluctuations and longitudinal changes in activity that individuals experience. In order to understand the sensitivity of gait speed as a potential endpoint for clinical trials, we investigated the use of digital devices during traditional clinical assessments and in real-world environments in a group of healthy younger (n = 33, 18–40 years) and older (n = 32, 65–85 years) adults. We observed good agreement between gait speed estimated using a lumbar-mounted accelerometer and gold standard system during the performance of traditional gait … Read More
“[Abstract] Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of conventional treatments for localised prostate cancer (active monitoring, radical prostatectomy and radical radiotherapy) in men aged 50–69 years. Design: A prospective, multicentre prostate-specific antigen testing programme followed by a randomised trial of treatment, with a comprehensive cohort follow-up. Setting: Prostate-specific antigen testing in primary care and treatment in nine urology departments in the UK. Participants: Between 2001 and 2009, 228,966 men aged 50–69 years received an invitation to attend an appointment for information about the Prostate testing for cancer and Treatment (ProtecT) study and a prostate-specific antigen test; 82,429 men were tested, 2664 … Read More
“Clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor are oral platelet P2Y12 receptor inhibitors that decrease the risk of platelet-mediated coronary artery thrombosis. [..] A 1-year composite end point of death, MI [myocardial infarction], and stroke is often used to evaluate efficacy in ACS [acute coronary syndrome] trials. However, death can be defined as all-cause death, cardiovascular death, or death from vascular causes (cardiovascular plus cerebrovascular deaths). Although ticagrelor was associated with a reduction in death in the PLATO trial, no subsequent trial with ticagrelor and no trials with clopidogrel or prasugrel have shown a mortality benefit with DAPT [dual antiplatelet therapy] compared with … Read More
We in health information technology are optimistic that clinicians will update their clinical documentation practices so they use nomenclatures (e.g., Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms [SNOMED CT], Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes [LOINC], RxNorm) in designated fields and then add more details within the free text portions of their electronic medical record documentation. While medical informaticists might expect to use natural language processing to extract more elements out of physician documentation, the American Medical Association (AMA) has worked to reduce documentation requirements starting January 1, 2021.1 Given the amount of time clinicians spend interacting with electronic medical records … Read More
“A Reuters review of deaths in more than 500 jails found that, from 2016 to 2018, those relying on one of the five leading jail healthcare contractors had higher death rates than facilities where medical services are run by government agencies. The analysis assessed deaths from illness and medical conditions, suicide, and the acute effects of drugs and alcohol. Jails with publicly managed medical services, usually run by the sheriff’s office or local health department, had an average of 12.8 deaths per 10,000 inmates in that time. Jails with healthcare provided by one of the five companies had an additional … Read More
“contingency management, because the rewards are contingent on staying abstinent. A number of clinical trials have found it highly effective in getting people addicted to stimulants like cocaine and methamphetamine to stay in treatment and to stop using the drugs. But outside the research arena and the Department of Veterans Affairs, [..] it is nearly impossible to find programs that offer such treatment — even as overdose deaths involving meth, in particular, have soared. There were more than 16,500 such deaths last year, according to preliminary data, more than twice as many as in 2016. [..] Researchers say that one … Read More
“The growing importance of medical crowdfunding (MCF) is reflected by trends on GoFundMe, the largest social crowdfunding platform in the world. In 2011, medical causes raised $1.6 million on GoFundMe; in 2014, the amount had increased almost a hundredfold to $150 million and in 2016, more than $650 million. [..] The growing reliance of health care consumers from the US on MCF has been attributed to increasing health care costs and the lack of a publicly funded health care system. However, the popularity of MCF in developed countries with universal health care such as Canada and the UK cannot be … Read More