Value-Based Payment and Vanishing Small Independent Practices

“An estimated 80% of physicians are now employed by hospitals, health systems, and corporations. Many factors have contributed to this shift away from independent practices, including rising administrative burdens, changing employment preferences, greater capital demands for health information technology, and favorable financial incentives (eg, site-differential payments). However, underappreciated among these factors is another important accelerant of corporate consolidation: the shift from fee-for-service to value-based payment models. [..] Evidence suggests that, on average, they [independent practices directly owned by clinicians] exhibit lower per-patient spending, fewer preventable admissions, and lower readmissions compared with their hospital-owned counterparts. [..] However, independent practices are often … Read More

Optimizing Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance in the Face of Increasing Cost Pressures

“[Data analytics company Embold Health chief executive officer Daniel Stein:] In the larger health care policy discussions, Medicare and Medicaid and other government programs get a lot of attention. But as you noted, most working Americans get their coverage through their employer. All in, about 165 million Americans are getting coverage through their employer. It’s a tough job to provide health coverage for your employees. Not only do you have to worry about things like cost and quality, the usual types of pressures that a purchaser has, but coming through this global [Covid-19] pandemic, employers were focused for a long … Read More

Dollars and Sense: The Cost of Cancer Screening in the United States

“Colonoscopy is the dominant approach to colorectal cancer screening in the United States. Among people who are screened, two thirds get a colonoscopy. This fact is easy to miss in Halpern and colleagues’ 2021 data, which included 9.2 million people reporting colonoscopy and 9.8 million reporting fecal immunochemical testing (FIT). That ambiguity is explained by the distinct screening intervals (every 10 years for colonoscopy and annually for FIT), whereas there is no ambiguity about the difference in the resources required each year: $24 billion for colonoscopy versus $0.6 billion for FIT. Colonoscopy is clearly overused in the United States. It … Read More

But My White Count…

Excerpt – Consulting medical teams nearly always follow my antibiotic recommendations, no matter how idiosyncratic they may seem, but recommending that they stop checking white-cell counts on stable inpatients seems to strike them as beyond the pale. Much of this trend is driven, I believe, by the quantitative fallacy: the human tendency to attach too much weight to factors that are easy to measure, and not enough weight to more complex, hard-to-quantify variables. This inclination induces doctors and patients alike to obsess over the crisp, objective, but highly nonspecific assessment of leukocytosis, while eschewing the seemingly squishy but highly informative … Read More

Misdiagnoses cost the U.S. 800,000 deaths and serious disabilities every year, study finds

“Analyzing the nature of misdiagnoses also provides significant opportunities for solutions: The errors are many, but they are quite concentrated. According to the study, 15 diseases account for about half the misdiagnoses, and five diseases alone — stroke, sepsis, pneumonia, venous thromboembolism, and lung cancer — caused 300,000 serious harms, or almost 40% of the total, because clinicians failed to identify them in patients. “That’s a lot that you could accomplish if you cut those harms by 50% for just those five diseases — that would be 150,000 prevented serious permanent disabilities or death,” said [lead author of the BMJ … Read More

Providing Birth Control Over the Counter Should Be Just the Beginning

“At a 1992 conference on birth control, an official on the F.D.A.’s fertility and maternal health drugs advisory committee, Philip Corfman, noted that the birth control pill is safer than aspirin, which is available over the counter. The F.D.A. subsequently announced plans to convene a hearing to consider moving oral contraceptives over-the-counter. It was believed that this would greatly expand access to birth control by bypassing doctors, to whom millions of Americans then — as still now — had little access. But, as the historian Heather Munro Prescott has recounted, the hearing was canceled at least partly because of criticism from … Read More

Using Publicly Available Health Plan Pricing Data For Research And App Development

“We used Elevance Health’s in-network pricing data and medical claims data. We focused on in-network prices because these are the prices negotiated by the payer, and out-of-network providers represent a small percentage of use for planned procedures. The formatting of the released data files follows the specifications provided by CMS. We limited our analysis to one state, Colorado, and one month, August 2022, to illustrate the concepts. [..] We split the prices into two components, the professional price and the facility price. Notably, these two components may not be the only costs associated with a procedure as there are often other … Read More

CMS’s Universal Foundation Measures Are Not Universally Good For Primary Care

“Primary care is where most people have relationships with a health professional, where more than one-third of all health care visits happen, and the only part of the health system that demonstrably produces longer lives and more equity. However, primary care is experiencing widespread and longstanding shortages and skyrocketing rates of burnout and moral injury. Primary care physician turnover, often associated with burnout, is estimated to cost CMS nearly one billion dollars annually. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, more than one-third of family physicians reported frequent burnout. Since the pandemic, primary care physicians are stepping up to meet patient needs even … Read More

Cost-effectiveness of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors for Patients With Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction—Living on the Edge

Excerpt – In this issue of JAMA Cardiology, Cohen and colleagues have performed a formal cost-effectiveness analysis of SGLT2 [sodium-glucose cotransporter-2] inhibitors for patients with heart failure and an ejection fraction more than 40%. They developed a computer-simulation model to project the long-term clinical benefits and costs for patients with HFpEF [heart failure with preserved ejection fraction] with and without SGLT2 inhibition. Their model was based on pooled estimates of baseline risk and effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors derived from the EMPEROR-PRESERVED and DELIVER trials. Because these trials followed up patients for a median of only 2.3 years, the authors extrapolated … Read More

Current concepts in coronary artery revascularisation

“More than five decades after the introduction of CABG and four decades after the introduction of PCI into clinical practice, the procedural and long-term outcomes of the two revascularisation methods are now well characterised. Although technological improvements will continue to increase their safety and efficacy, the relative advantages and disadvantages of the two interventions will probably remain substantially unchanged. A limitation of available data is that they are from prevalently young, White, male, HIC [high-income countries] populations. The results of coronary revascularisation in women, non-White racial and ethnic groups, older adults, and LMICs [low- and middle-income countries] require further and … Read More